CURRENT TOPICS FOR IBPS PO EXAM-2014

• Thailand , new prime minister Gen. Prayuth Chan Ocha ,.
• T.M. Bhasin CMD of Indian Bank elected as Chairman of Indian Bank Association.
• K V Thomas appointed chairman of Public Accounts Committee, which comprises MPs from all political parties and verifies  public expenditures of the Government .
• Rajni Rajdan , Chairperson UPSC
• Bimal Jalan appointed head of FISCAL expenditure management commission .
• M Thambidurai of AIDMK elected deputy speaker of Lok sabha.
• Change in Iraq. New Prime minister Dr. Haider Al-Abadi , (in place of Noori Al-Maliki) and newly elected president Fouad Masoum.
• First Male chairman of National commission of women “ Rashtriya mahila aayog” Shri V.S.Oberoi apponted on 7^th August 14
• First woman Chief Justice of Calcutta High court Dr. Manjulla Chellur.
• K.V Choudhry appointed new chairman of CBDT.
• Lt. Dalbir singh suhag on 31 July 2014 took over as Chief of Army staff from Gen. Bikram Singh.
• S S Mundra appointed deputy Governor of RBI. He has been given charge of Banking supervision , currency management, financial stability and rural credit.
• 22^nd Rajiv Gandhi national sadbhavana award to noted film maker Mujjaffar ali, His notable films are Umrav jaan, Gaman ,Anjuman, Jooni etc.
• National sports award 2014- Rashtriya Khel protsahan puraskaar – to ONGC, Jindal steel works, Guru hanuman akhara, Child link foundation of India(Magic bus) Arjun awards to R.Ashwin cricket, Heena sidhu-shooting and 13 others.
• Outstanding parliamentarian award to Arun jaitley 2010, Karan singh 2011 and sharad yadav 2012.
• Syndicate bank CMD , S K Jain suspended and arrested for a case of bribery.
• World renowned Yog Guru and founder of the Iynger school of yoga Shri BKS Iyenger died
• Robin Williams Oscar winning actor famous for his comic roles commited suicide.
• Cartoonist Pran who created characters like Chacha choudhry  died.
• ICICI to launch EMI Scheme on debit cards by attaching it to fixed deposits of customers. It will be a sort of loan against Fixed deposits.
• REIT (Real estate investment trust ) and Invits ( infrastructure investment trusts) proposed under union budget 2014-15 to allow real estate and infrastructure sectors to directly tap funds from market / public will be implemented soon, with SEBI clearing norms for such companies/ trusts. Through these trusts nearly 1 lakh crore Rupees are expected to be mobilized for RE and Infra sector.
• RBI proposes Bharat bill payment system (BBPS)  to cover all local bills , municipal payments, college –school fees etc. under this all India bill payment system. It consist of a centralized controlling and regulating body and BBPOU various operating units across India.
• Monetary Policy 5^th August Third bimonthly review. Policy rates like Repo-8/Reverse repo-7 /Bank rate-9  remained unchanged. SLR again cut by 0.5% to 22%. CRR remained at 4%.
• Govt’s banks merger plan – Finance ministry has  initiated the process of merger of SBPatiala with SBI and United bank of India with IDBI. Also thinking on a greater consolidation plan for banks.
• Varishtha pension bema yojana relaunched for senior citizen. The beneficiary needs to deposit in lump sum Rs. 66,665/- or Rs.6,66,000/- to get life time pension of Rs. 500/- and Rs.5000/- respectively. Scheme will be administered and serviced by LIC.
• Cabinet approves FDI hike in defence and insurance to 49% through FIPB route
• WTO meet in Geneva failed to reach a trade facilitation deal, deadlined to be finalized by 31^st July 2014 , because of Indian opposition. India wanted more visible and reliable progress on an another issue of allowing relaxation on its food security program, which was agreed by all countries  to be resolved by the end of  2017. The WTO currently limits the food subsidy to be just 10% of  any country’s food production, calculating the food cost at 2005 prices. India suspects that once the trade facilitation agreement is cleared, developed countries will not give a fair concession on its food security program. The trade facilitation agreement seeks to libearalise and standardize custom rules and duties across all countries . It is expected to add nearly $ 1 trillion and create 21 million jobs to the world economy.
• Cabinet approves 100 % FDI  in select investments projects in Railways, like infrastructure projects such as electrification , signaling, high speed and suburban corridors, ppp projects dedicated freight corridors etc.
• The Gas price formula and recommendations of C.Rangrajan committee to increase the Gas prices to a nearly double figure $8.8 per unit  from 1 april 2014 has been deferred by new government. It has appointed a new committee under the chairmanship of suresh  prabhu to suggest a new formula .
• Tata –SIA Joint venture to start its operation by Oct. 2014 with the brand name “Vistara”.
• What is 5/20 rule in airlines in india. No airline is allowed international flights until it is 5 year ‘s old and have atleast 20 airplanes in its fleet.
• Amazon , the world e- retailer announce to invest $2 bn in India  in competition with india’s e-tailer flipcart which plans to raise $1 bn to expand its business. Jeff Bezos is the founder of seattle based Amazon, whereas Sachin and binny bansals  are the founder of Banglore based flipcart.
• 6^th economic census -2013 in India.

Indian economic census is the census of the Indian economy through counting all entrepreneurial units in the country which involved in any economic activities of either agricultural or non-agricultural sector which engaged in production and/or distribution of goods and/or services not for the sole purpose of own consumption.^[1]
The economic census provides detailed information on operational and other characteristics such as number of establishments, number of persons employed, source of finance, type of ownership etc. These information used for micro level/ decentralized planning and to assess contribution of various sectors of the economy in the gross domestic product (GDP).^[2]

The Scheme proposes to provide up-to-date information on operational and other characteristics, viz., number of establishments; number of persons employed; source of finance; type of ownership, religion code and social group of propriety establishments, according to their industrial activity including their distribution at all-India, State, district, village/ward levels for comprehensive analysis of the structure of the economy which will be used for micro level/ decentralized planning and also for undertaking detailed follow up sample surveys to assess contribution of various sectors of the economy in the Gross Domestic Product (GDP). The economic census does not include those employed in agriculture, public administration, defence and compulsory social security services activities.

Economic census

In 1976, Government of India launched a plan scheme called Economic Census and Surveys. In 1977 Central Statistical Organisation conducted First economic census in collaboration with the Directorate of Economics & Statistics (DES) in the States/Union Territories.

Economic Census	Year
First Economic Census	1977
Second Economic Census	1980
Third Economic Census	1990
Fourth Economic Census	1998
Fifth Economic Census	2005
Sixth Economic Census	2013

Highlights of Sixth economic census 2013.

1)      Uttar Pradesh was the top employment generator among big states in eight years ended 2013, creating jobs at over double the national average rate.

2)      The number of employed in the country rose 34.35% in eight years to 12.77 crore. "That means that it had grown at an annual rate of over 4% when the population is growing at 2%.

3)      The provisional sixth economic census results showed there were 58.47 million establishments in the country engaged in different economic activities, excluding crop production, plantation, public administration, defence and compulsory social security services.

• India 135^th in HDI-2014 , Human Development Index-, which is a measure derived from life expectancy , Child mortality rate,  education levels and income levels (poverty), no. of years of schooling, dropout rate,  is annually published by UNDP United nations development program, covering 187 countries. Norway topped the list followed by Australia, Switzerland , Netherlands and US. HDReport introduces a gender development index for the first time in 2014.
• COMMONWEALTH GAMES -2014 GLASSGOW, Scotland. Next games will be in Australia . England topped the medal tally followed by Australia and India remained 5^th with 64 medals (15+30+19).  In the previous games held in Delhi -2010, India finished second . Dipika pallikal and Joshana chinappa won gold in squash. In Hockey we lost to Australia and bagged silver. Vikas gowda discus throw won us another gold. Parupali Kashyap won gold in badminton , 32 years after syed modi in 1982.
• Germany’s women tennis player Sabine Lisicki recorded fastest service at 131 mph in Stanford USA. Last record was in the name of venus William 129 mph . Man’s record is 163.4 mph by Australian Sam groth.
• India equals the record of maximum 6 ducks (out at zero) in a test  innings while playing against England  in fourth test at old Trafford.. This fourth time in the history of cricket. Other teams in this club are Pakistan, Bangladesh and south Africa.
• Lithuania 19^th member of Euro club, will adopt Euro currencies from 01-01-2015. European union has 28 states but all have not adopted Euro currency. Lithuania curretly uses Litas as its currency.
• Argentina defaulted for the second time in last 12 years as talks with US hedge fund creditors has failed.
• Proposed national judicial appointments commission – will be headed by Chief justice of India with total members strength of 6 persons.
• Trai chairman – Rahul khullar

               CRITERION FOR DECLARING SOMEONE AS WILLFUL DEFAULTER

WILFUL DEFAULTERS

DEFINITION

A "wilful default" is deemed to have occurred if Default in repayment obligations by the unit to the lender  even when it has the capacity to honour the said obligations.

Or   it has not utilized thefinance from the lender for the specific purposes for which finance was availed of buthas diverted the funds for other purposes.

Or  has siphoned off the funds so that the funds have not been utilized for the specific purpose for which

finance was availed of, nor are the funds available with the unit in the form of other assets.

Or  has also disposed off or removed the movable fixed assets or immovable property given by it for the purpose of securing a term loan without the knowledge of the bank/lender.

Penal Measures

• The penal measures are applicable to any wilful defaulter with an outstanding balance of

Rs. 25 lakh or more. This limit of Rs. 25 lakh may also be applied for the purpose of

taking cognizance of the instances of 'siphoning' / 'diversion' of funds.

• List of wilful defaulters (non-suit filed accounts) and list of wilful defaulters (suit filed

accounts) are forwarded to SEBI by RBI and Credit Information Bureau (India) Ltd.

(CIBIL) respectively so as to prevent the access to the capital markets by the wilful

defaulters.

• Banks and FIs are required to initiate penal measures against the identified wilful

defaulters as under:-

• No additional facilities should be granted by any bank / FI to the listed wilful defaulters.

• The entrepreneurs / promoters of companies where banks / FIs have identified siphoning /

diversion of funds, misrepresentation, falsification of accounts and fraudulent transactions

should be debarred from institutional finance from the scheduled commercial banks,

Development Financial Institutions, Government owned NBFCs, investment institutions

etc. for floating new ventures for a period of 5 years from the date the name of the wilful

defaulter is published in the list of wilful defaulters by the RBI.

• Initiation of legal process including criminal proceedings, wherever necessary, against the

borrowers / guarantors and foreclosure of recovery of dues expeditiously.

• Banks and FIs should adopt a proactive approach for a change of management of the

wilfully defaulting borrower unit, etc.

Reporting to RBI / Credit Information Companies

Banks/FIs are required to submit to Credit Information Bureau (India) Ltd. (CIBIL) the list of

suit-filed accounts of wilful defaulters of Rs.25 lakh and above as at end-March, June, September

and December every year and a quarterly list of wilful defaulters where suits have not been filed

to RBI.

Banks and FIs take suitable steps to report the names of current directors as also the directors

who were associated with the company at the time the account was classified as defaulter to put

other banks and FIs on guard. The names of independent and nominee directors are also be

included with suitable distinguishing remarks as applicable.

Grievances Redressal Mechanism

Decisions to classify the borrower as wilful defaulter should be entrusted to a Committee of

higher functionaries headed by the Executive Director and consisting of two GMs/DGMs as

decided by the Board of the concerned bank/FI with a view to have more objectivity in identifying

cases of wilful default.

The borrower should be suitably advised about the proposal to classify him as a wilful defaulter

along with reasons therefore. He should be provided reasonable time (say 15 days) for making

representation against such decision to a Grievance Redressal Committee headed by the CMD and

consisting of two other senior officials.

He should also be given a hearing in case he represents that he has been wrongly classified as

wilful defaulter and a final declaration as ‘wilful defaulter’ should be made after a view is taken by

the Committee on the representation and the borrower should be suitably advised.

Source: RBI M. Circular

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana : important features.

Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana(Hindi: प्रधानमंत्री जन धन योजना, meaning: Prime Minister Scheme for People's Wealth) is an ambitious scheme for comprehensive financial inclusion launched by the Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi on 28 August 2014^[1] He had announced this scheme on his first Independence Day speech on 15 August 2014.

Name: Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana

        Tagline: ‘Mera Khata Bhagya Vidhata’

While the logo and name finalised are based on entries received the tag line was not suggested by any participant. Since the final design was not based on a single entry, it was decided to split the prize money in half, with one half going for the Logo and the other half for the name of the scheme.  The final result of the competition is as follows:

(i)            Ms. Priya Sharma based on whose entry the logo was finalised would be awarded Rs. 25,000

(ii)          The following participants who proposed “Jan Dhan” would share the other half of the prize rounded up to Rs. 10,000 each:      

1.	Shri Sanjay Tiwari
2.	Ms. Sonia Chauhan
3.	Ajith Gurunathan

The Yojana will be implemented in two phases:- 

Phase-I from 15^th August 2014:

·         Universal access to banking facilities for all households across the country through a bank branch or a fixed point Business Correspondent (BC) called Bank Mitra within a reasonable distance except areas with infrastructure & connectivity constraints.

·         To cover all households with atleast one Basic Banking Account with RuPay Debit card having inbuilt accident insurance cover of Rs.1 lakh. Further an overdraft facility upto Rs.5000 will also be permitted to Adhaar enabled accounts after satisfactory operation in the account for 6 months.

·         Financial literacy programme which aims to take financial literacy upto village level.

·         The Mission also envisages expansion of Direct Benefit Transfer under various Government Schemes through bank accounts of the beneficiaries of.

·         The issuance of Kisan Credit Card (KCC) as RuPay Kisan Card is also proposed to be covered under the plan.

Phase-II :

·         Providing micro –insurance to the people.

·         Unorganised sector Pension schemes like Swavalamban through the Business Correspondents.

On the inaugural day, a record 1.5 crore bank accounts were opened across the country, the largest such exercise on a single day possibly anywhere in the world. It will cover 7.5 crore people by January 26, 2015.

Here is looking at Five important features of the PM Jan Dhan Yojna

1. Under the scheme, account holders will be provided zero-balance bank account with RuPay debit card, in addition to accidental insurance cover of Rs 1 lakh.

2. Those who open accounts by January 26, 2015 over and above the Rs1 lakh accidental insurance  for the entire family, they will be given life insurance cover of Rs 30,000. Accident cover provided by HDFC Ergo insurance co. and life c

over by LIC.

3. Six months of opening of the bank account, holders can avail Rs 5,000 loan from the bank. Overdraft /loan can be availed by only one person per household , even if two or more accounts are opened by the members of  a family.

4. With the introduction of new technology introduced by National Payments Corporation of India (NPCI), a person can transfer funds, check balance through a normal phone which was earlier limited only to smart phones so far.

5. Mobile banking for the poor would be available through National Unified USSD Platform (NUUP) for which all banks and mobile companies have come together.

• The Jan Dhan Yojana also seeks to provide incentives to business and banking correspondents who serve as link for the last mile between savings account holders and the bank by fixing a minimum monthly remuneration of Rs 5000.
• The long term vision of the Jan Dhan Yojana is to lay the foundation of a cashless economy and is complementary to the Digital India Scheme.

The Government has decided that the following facilities available to those account holders who have opened their accounts under Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) would also be extended to the existing account holders subject to submission of an application by the account holder(s) to the concerned bank branch:

(i) For issuance of RuPay Debit card having inbuilt accident insurance cover of Rs.1 lakh;

(ii) For issuance of an overdraft facility of Rs.5000 after satisfactory operations in the account for some time.

The Government has asked the banks to extend overdraft facility of Rs.5,000 as above to only one member, preferably lady of a house-hold.

The finance ministry, in consultation with the Life Insurance Corporation of India (LIC) has finalised the arrangement for payment of premium towards life insurance cover under the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana.

It has been decided to set aside Rs 50 crore from the Social Security Fund, managed by LIC and worth about Rs 1,800 crore, sources said.

This would be a revolving fund and LIC would manage it, sources said, adding that Finance Minister Arun Jaitley is likely to approve the arrangement soon.

A Social Security Fund (SSF) was set up in 1988-89 for providing social security through group insurance schemes to the weaker and vulnerable sections of society. The SSF is administered by LIC for meeting insurance requirements of the segment.

To make the Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) a mega success, the government has doubled the personal accident cover to Rs 2 lakh per person if the bank account is opened within the first 100 days of the massive financial inclusion programme being launched Thursday.

Towards this, NPCI has already tied up with private sector general insurer HDFC Ergo for the first Rs 1 lakh accident cover which will be issued with the RuPay card of the account holder, Hota said, adding the other Rs 1 lakh cover will be provided by any of the four state-owned general insurers.
"We have tied up with HDFC Ergo to provide this additional Rs 1 lakh personal accident cover to all those who open their bank account during this period. However, the remaining Rs 1 lakh insurance cover will come from any of the four state-owned general insurers as per the agreement reached between NPCI and the insurers," Hota said.
Hota further explained that the additional Rs 1 lakh cover comes with a rider that the account-holder will have to do at least one transaction in 45 days.
PM NARENDRA MODI ADDRESSES UN
PM Narendra modi addressed the UN General assembly in Newyork on 27^th September 2014 in Hindi.
Mr Vajpayee, who was Prime Minister from 1998 to 2004, was the first person to speak in Hindi at the United Nations General Assembly. As foreign minister, he addressed a session in 1977 in Hindi.

Mr Vajpayee also spoke in Hindi at the UN General Assembly's Millennium Summit and ended his speech with a Sanskrit shloka.

In 1988, as then foreign minister, PV Narasimha Rao also addressed the UNGA in Hindi. Mr Rao, who could speak 17 languages, later became Prime Minister.

Hindi is not among the official languages of the UN, which are Arabic, Chinese, English, French, Russian and Spanish.
UNITED NATIONS
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization established on 24 October 1945 to promote international co-operation. The UN Headquarters is situated in Manhattan, New York City.
Present secretary general

	Ban Ki-moon					South Korea		From 1 January 2007
Organizations and specialized agencies of the United Nations
No.			Acronym		Agency		Headquarters		Head[d]		Established in
1		FAO		Food and Agriculture Organization								Rome, Italy	José Graziano da Silva	1945
2		IAEA		International Atomic Energy Agency								Vienna, Austria	Yukiya Amano	1957
3		ICAO		International Civil Aviation Organization								Montreal, Canada	Raymond Benjamin	1947
4		IFAD		International Fund for Agricultural Development								Rome, Italy	Kanayo F. Nwanze	1977
5		ILO		International Labour Organization								Geneva, Switzerland	Guy Ryder	1946 (1919)
6		IMO		International Maritime Organization								London, United Kingdom	Koji Sekimizu	1948
7		IMF		International Monetary Fund								Washington, DC, US	Christine Lagarde	1945 (1944)
8		ITU		International Telecommunication Union								Geneva, Switzerland	Hamadoun Touré	1947 (1865)
9		UNESCO		United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization								Paris, France	Irina Bokova	1946
10		UNIDO		United Nations Industrial Development Organization								Vienna, Austria	Li Yong (politician)	1967
12		UPU		Universal Postal Union								Bern, Switzerland	Bishar Abdirahman Hussein	1947 (1874)
13		WBG		World Bank Group								Washington, DC, US	Jim Yong Kim	1945 (1944)
14		WFP		World Food Programme								Rome, Italy	Ertharin Cousin	1963
15		WHO		World Health Organization								Geneva, Switzerland	Margaret Chan	1948
16		WIPO		World Intellectual Property Organization								Geneva, Switzerland	Francis Gurry	1974
17		WMO		World Meteorological Organization								Geneva, Switzerland	David Grimes / Michel Jarraud	1950 (1873)
11		UNWTO		World Tourism Organization								Madrid, Spain	Taleb Rifai	1974

Membership

According to the UN. Antarctica has no government; political control of Western Sahara is in dispute; and the territories administered by Taiwan and Kosovo are considered by the UN to be provinces of China and Serbia, respectively.

With the addition of South Sudan on 14 July 2011,^[89] there are 193 United Nations member states, including all undisputed independent states apart from Vatican City.^[9

Top 15 biggest dams of india

NAME                         Height    Length   River             State 

Tehri Dam	260 m	575 m	Bhagirathi	Uttarkhand
Bhakra Nangal Dam	226 m	520 m	Sutlej	Punjab and Himachal Pradesh
Hirakud Dam	60.96 m	25.8 m	Mahanadi	Orissa
NagarjunaSagar Dam	124 m	1,450 m	Krishna	Andhra Pradesh
Sardar Sarovar Dam	163 m	1210 m	Narmada	Gujarat
Cheruthoni Dam	450 ft	2300 ft	Cheruthoni	Kerala
Indira Sagar Dam	92 m	653 m	Narmada	Madhya Pradesh
Krishnarajasagar Dam	125 m	3.5 km	Kaveri	Karnataka
Mettur	12o ft	1700 m	Kaveri	Tamil Nadu
Bisalpur Dam	130 ft	1883 ft	Banas	Rajasthan
Koyna Dam	339 ft	2648 ft	Koyna	Maharashtra
Maithon Dam	165 ft	15712 ft	Barakar	Jharkhand
Rihand Dam	299 ft	3064 ft	Rihand	Uttar Pradesh
TungaBhadra Dam	49.38 m	2441 m	Tungabhadra	Karnataka
TungaBhadra Dam	105 ft	1700 m	Bhavani	Tamil Nadu

• A
• Afghanistan - Kabul
• Albania - Tirana
• Algeria - Algiers
• Andorra - Andorra la Vella
• Angola - Luanda
• Antigua & Barbuda - Saint John's
• Argentina - Buenos Aires
• Armenia - Yerevan
• Australia - Canberra
• Austria - Vienna
• Azerbaijan - Baku
• B
• Bahamas - Nassau
• Bahrain - Al-Manamah
• Bangladesh - Dhaka
• Barbados - Bridgetown
• Belarus - Minsk
• Belgium - Brussels
• Belize - Belmopan
• Benin - Porto-Novo
• Bhutan - Thimphu
• Bolivia - La Paz (administrative); Sucre (judicial)
• Bosnia & Herzegovina - Sarajevo
• Botswana - Gaborone
• Brazil - Brasilia
• Brunei - Bandar Seri Begawan
• Bulgaria - Sofia
• Burkina Faso - Ouagadougou
• Burundi - Bujumbura
• C
• Cambodia - Phnom Penh
• Cameroon - Yaounde
• Canada - Ottawa
• Cape Verde - Praia
• Central African Republic - Bangui
• Chad - N'Djamena
• Chile - Santiago
• China - Beijing
• Colombia - Bogota
• Comoros - Moroni
• Congo - Brazzaville
• Congo Democratic Republic of the - Kinshasa
• Costa Rica - San Jose
• Cote d'Ivoire - Abidjan
• Croatia - Zagreb
• Cuba - Havana
• Cyprus - Nicosia
• Czech Republic - Prague
• D
• Denmark - Copenhagen
• Djibouti - Djibouti City
• Dominica - Roseau
• Dominican Republic - Santo Domingo
• E
• East Timor - Dili
• Ecuador - Quito
• Egypt - Cairo
• El Salvador - San Salvador
• Equatorial Guinea - Malabo
• Eritrea - Asmara
• Estonia - Tallinn
• Ethiopia - Addis Ababa
• F
• Fiji - Suva
• Finland - Helsinki
• France - Paris
• G
• Gabon - Libreville
• Gambia - Banjul
• Georgia - Tbilisi
• Germany - Berlin
• Ghana - Accra
• Greece - Athens
• Grenada - Saint George's
• Guatemala - Guatemala City
• Guinea - Conakry
• Guinea-Bissau - Bissau
• Guyana - Georgetown
• H
• Haiti - Port-au-Prince
• Honduras - Tegucigalpa
• Hungary - Budapest
• I
• Iceland - Reykjavik
• India - New Delhi
• Indonesia - Jakarta
• Iran - Tehran
• Iraq - Baghdad
• Ireland - Dublin
• Israel - Jerusalem
• Italy - Rome
• J
• Jamaica - Kingston
• Japan - Tokyo
• Jordan - Amman
• K
• Kazakhstan - Astana
• Kenya - Nairobi
• Kiribati - Tarawa Atoll
• Korea North - Pyongyang
• Korea South - Seoul
• Kosovo - Pristina
• Kuwait - Kuwait City
• Kyrgyzstan - Bishkek

• L
• Laos - Vientiane
• Latvia - Riga
• Lebanon - Beirut
• Lesotho - Maseru
• Liberia - Monrovia
• Libya - Tripoli
• Liechtenstein - Vaduz
• Lithuania - Vilnius
• Luxembourg - Luxembourg
• M
• Macedonia - Skopje
• Madagascar - Antananarivo
• Malawi - Lilongwe
• Malaysia - Kuala Lumpur
• Maldives - Male
• Mali - Bamako
• Malta - Valletta
• Marshall Islands - Majuro
• Mauritania - Nouakchott
• Mauritius - Port Louis
• Mexico - Mexico City
• Micronesia - Palikir
• Moldova - Chisinau
• Monaco - Monaco
• Mongolia - Ulaanbaatar
• Montenegro - Podgorica
• Morocco - Rabat
• Mozambique - Maputo
• Myanmar (Burma) - Rangoon (Yangon); Nay Pyi Taw (administrative)
• N
• Namibia - Windhoek
• Nauru - no official capital; government offices in Yaren District
• Nepal - Kathmandu
• Netherlands - Amsterdam
• New Zealand - Wellington
• Nicaragua - Managua
• Niger - Niamey
• Nigeria - Abuja
• Norway - Oslo
• O
• Oman - Muscat
• P
• Pakistan - Islamabad
• Palau - Melekeok
• Palestinian State*
• Panama - Panama City
• Papua New Guinea - Port Moresby
• Paraguay - Asuncion
• Peru - Lima
• Philippines - Manila
• Poland - Warsaw
• Portugal - Lisbon
• Q
• Qatar - Doha
• R
• Romania - Bucharest
• Russia - Moscow
• Rwanda - Kigali
• S
• Saint Kitts and Nevis - Basseterre
• Saint Lucia - Castries
• Saint Vincent and the Grenadines - Kingstown
• Samoa - Apia
• San Marino - San Marino
• Sao Tome and Principe - Sao Tome
• Saudi Arabia - Riyadh
• Senegal - Dakar
• Serbia - Belgrade
• Seychelles - Victoria
• Sierra Leone - Freetown
• Singapore - Singapore
• Slovakia - Bratislava
• Slovenia - Ljubljana
• Solomon Islands - Honiara
• Somalia - Mogadishu
• South Africa - Pretoria (executive); Cape Town (legislative); Bloemfontein (judicial)
• South Sudan - Juba
• Spain - Madrid
• Sri Lanka - Colombo; Sri Jayewardenepura Kotte (legislative)
• Sudan - Khartoum
• Suriname - Paramaribo
• Swaziland - Mbabane
• Sweden - Stockholm
• Switzerland - Bernd
• Syria - Damascus
• T
• Taiwan - Taipei
• Tajikistan - Dushanbe
• Tanzania - Dar es Salaam; Dodoma (legislative)
• Thailand - Bangkok
• Togo - Lome
• Tonga - Nuku'alofa
• Trinidad and Tobago - Port-of-Spain
• Tunisia - Tunis
• Turkey - Ankara
• Turkmenistan - Ashgabat
• Tuvalu - Vaiaku village, Funafuti province
• U
• Uganda - Kampala
• Ukraine - Kyiv
• United Arab Emirates - Abu Dhabi
• United Kingdom - London
• United States of America - Washington D.C.
• Uruguay - Montevideo
• Uzbekistan - Tashkent
• V
• Vanuatu - Port-Vila
• Vatican City (Holy See) - Vatican City
• Venezuela - Caracas
• Vietnam - Hanoi
• Y
• Yemen - Sanaa
• Z
• Zambia - Lusaka
• Zimbabwe - Harare